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Nepal is a unitary republic with a parliamentary form of government. In the Economist Democracy Index 2024, it received an overall score of 4.6/10 ("hybrid regime") and a rating of 4.83/10 for electoral processes and pluralism.
On the federal level, the lower house of parliament, the House of Representatives is elected directly.
House of Representatives
House of Representatives
General elections, to elected the full House of Representatives usually take place every 5 years. Voting is not mandatory, and the minimum age for suffrage is 18 years.
The 275 members of the House of Representatives are elected in a parallel voting system: 165 representatives are elected in single-seat districts via single-round, choose-one plurality voting, and 110 representatives in a single national (multi-seat) constituency via closed list proportional representation, using the Sainte-Lague method. This system thus provides "mixed majoritarian" (mixed disproportional) representation. The legal electoral threshold is 3%, which only applies to the list seats.
Notes
Notes
This is the description of the electoral system of Nepal as of 29.07.2026 on Electoral Knowledgebase. Sources and further information on this topic:
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